Reported Speech: согласование времён

Reported (Indirect) Speech — обязательная тема ЕГЭ.

Когда нужен сдвиг времён: если глагол ввода (say, tell, ask) стоит в прошедшем времени (said, told, asked).

Таблица сдвига времён:

Примеры:

• She said, «I am tired.» → She said (that) she was tired.
• He said, «I will call you.» → He said he would call me.
• They said, «We have finished.» → They said they had finished.
• She said, «I saw him yesterday.» → She said she had seen him the previous day.

Меняются местоимения (по смыслу):

• I → he/she; my → his/her; we → they; you → I/we (зависит от контекста).

Меняются слова времени/места:

• now → then
• today → that day
• yesterday → the day before / the previous day
• tomorrow → the next day / the following day
• this → that
• here → there
• ago → before

Вопросы в косвенной речи:

• Yes/No: He asked, «Are you OK?» → He asked if/whether I was OK.
• Wh-: She asked, «Where do you live?» → She asked where I lived.
• ВНИМАНИЕ: порядок слов прямой (subject + verb), без вспомогательного do/did!

Приказы и просьбы:

• He said, «Open the door.» → He told me to open the door.
• She said, «Don't be late.» → She told me not to be late.

Когда сдвиг НЕ нужен:

1. Глагол ввода в Present: He says he is tired (не was).
2. Общеизвестная истина: Teacher said the Earth is round.